Sanskrit

My Lingua::SA (version 0.08) perl module used by most of my programs here (example scripts and their output).

Verbs (dhAtu)

• Sanskrit divides its verbs in to 10 classes (gaNa).
  gaNa 1, 4, 6, 10 have their stems ending in a and the others in non-a
  Together the a-ending verbs account for almost 90% of the total ~2000 verbs.
• The tenses are denoted by lakaar. There are 10 of these as well.
• The verbs are divided in to three catagories which while not completely random, are not fully deterministic. These are aatmanepadi, parasmaipadi and ubhayapadi (i.e. aatmanepadi and parasmaipadi).
• There are three persons viz. uttama (first), madhyama (second) and prathama (third) just like in English.

Some more details

• bhvaadyadaadI juhotyaadiH divaadiH svaadirevH ch |
  tudaadishcha rUdhaadishcha tanaadiH krI-churaadayaH ||

  भ्वाद्यदादी जुहोत्यादिः दिवादिः स्वादिरेवः च।
  तुदादिश्च रूधादिश्च तनादिः क्री-चुरादयः ॥

  gaN	vikaraNa	First verb
  1	a	bhU - bhavati	bhvaadi
  4	ya	div - divyati	divaadi
  6	a	tud - tudati	tudaadi
  10	aya	chur - chorayati	charaadi
  2	-	ad - atti	adaadi
  3	dvitva	hu - juhoti	juhotyaadi
  5	nu	su - sunoti/sunute	svaadi
  7	n	rudh -ruNaddhi/rundhe	rudhaadi
  8	u	tan - tanoti/tanote	tanaadi
  9	naa	krI - krINIte	krI-aadi

  gaN	vikaraNa	First verb
  1	अ	भू - भवति	भ्वादि
  4	य	दिव् - दिव्यति	दिवादि
  6	अ	तुद् - तुदति	तुदादि
  10	अय	चुर् - चोरयति	चरादि
  2	-	अद् - अत्ति	अदादि
  3	द्वित्व	हु - जुहोति	जुहोत्यादि
  5	नु	सु - सुनोति/सुनुते	स्वादि
  7	न्	रुध् -रुणद्धि/रुन्धे	रुधादि
  8	उ	तन् - तनोति/तनोते	तनादि
  9	ना	क्री - क्रीणीते	क्री-आदि

Select Verbs and their inflections

Ashish Mahabal
Last Outdated: 26 May 2008