Beam mapping weekend: first "real" light (8/2/2004)


The setup (pics stolen from John):

We built a giant XY translation stage (2.4 x 2.4 meters) that can hold a Gunn oscillator for mapping beams. The stage is moved by hand (pulling on wires), and the positions are read out with potentiometers. We tilted the frame and put it on top of building 168/169 at JPL, about 60 meters line-of-sight distance away from BICEP, which sat in the parking lot. The source, a 100-GHz ZAX Gunn oscillator borrowed from Bill J, is hooked up to an attenuator, a PIN switch (modulated at 8 Hz), and ends in open-ended waveguide -- a rectangular to circular transition piece.


The measurements:

Summary plots of all roof-based maps
A gigantic file illustrating all the beam maps taken 8/1-8/2, in chronological order. Data has been demodulated but not cleaned. It starts off looking bad, but gets better towards the end...read it like a story. A tour of the plots:

  • P. 1-2: Beam slices in vertical and horizontal directions. Central pixel, Gunn at 100 GHz with vertical polarization and open-ended rectangular waveguide. Note that horizontal profile is clean, but vertical profile is hardly Gaussian.
  • P. 3: Long raster scan of central pixel. Same Gunn setup as above. Once again, the X profile is clean, while the Y profile isn't.
  • P. 4: Fast raster scan of central pixel with same Gunn setup but more attenuation. Hardly any signal visible.
  • P. 5: Fast raster of central pixel. Gunn at 100 GHz with horizontal polarization, medium power level. Note that with the change of polarization, the X and Y profiles have swapped. The bolometer responses also appear to have swapped. Thinking that this was a source problem, we...
  • P. 6: ...added a horn onto the end of the rectangular waveguide, and repeated the fast raster of central pixel (Gunn at 100 GHz, horizontal polarization). Not much change though.
  • P. 7: Another source change -- removed the horn and replaced it with a rectangular-to-circular transition. Gunn is still at 100 GHz, horizontal polarization. Still no change in the bizarre beam shape.
  • P. 8-11: Decided to give up on "fixing" the beam shape; stuck with the rectangular/circular transition piece for the rest of data taking. Varied power levels and Gunn polarization orientation.
  • P. 12: Changed Gunn frequency to 106 GHz.
  • P 13-14: Mapped off-axis pixel with Faraday rotator (A3, FR 100-2). Gunn at 100 GHz, both polarization orientations. We have a clean beam! (Central beam was possibly vignetted by surrounding horns? Height difference due to FRs being present/absent -- see this picture of the focal plane for run 4. Or maybe fuzzy focus problems?)

CP beam maps: Gunn at 100 GHz, horizontal pol.
Just some beam maps at varying power levels (same as p. 7-9 in above plots, but with some low pass filtering). With the polarization oriented horizontally, the X scans pass through the crappy looking part of the beam. Didn't analyze this data any further.

CP beam maps: 100 GHz, vertical pol, medium power and also high power
Same as above, but with vertical polarization orientation so that the X scans look decent. Gaussian fits done on the X slices closest to the center of the Y axis; sigma values listed on the plots. For reference, Zemax says the central beam is supposed to have a sigma of about 43 cm at a distance of 60 m. Timestream plots are also shown (on a log scale)...do we see hints of sidelobes?

CP beam maps: 106 GHz, vertical pol
A sanity check to see if beam shapes vary with frequency (of a monochromatic source). Beam shape qualitatively looks the same. One of the gaussian fits didn't work out so well (for CP-f)...but the fit for CP-b looks good, and the beam width matches the 100 GHz results.

A3 beam maps: 100 GHz, horizontal pol and also vertical pol
Beam maps for an off-axis pixel with a Faraday rotator (FR off for these maps). Gunn at 100 GHz, both polarization orientations. The beam wasn't terribly well centered with respect to the XY stage (it was 7am, so sue us), but the shape was nice enough to do a 2D gaussian fit. A rundown of sigmas (sigma-x and sigma-y, respectively):

  • A3-b, horizontal pol: 52 cm / 53 cm
  • A3-f, horizontal pol: 47 cm / 47 cm
  • A3-b, vertical pol: 50 cm / 50 cm
  • A3-f, vertical pol: 51 cm / 52 cm
  • Average: 50 cm (compare 43 cm predicted for CP = 16% difference)


Final notes:


Last modified: Thu Aug 5 21:04:27 PDT 2004 (hcc)